Connected Devices

All Commands

mount	List Mounted Filesystems and Devices.
lsblk	List Block Devices and Their Partitions.
lsusb	List USB Devices and Hubs.
lspci	List PCI Devices (Peripheral Component Interconnect).
lsscsi	List SCSI Devices.
lsdev	List All Devices (AIX).
fdisk -l	List Partitions and Drives.
parted -l	List Partitions and Drives (with more details).
dmesg -H	Display Kernel Ring Buffer (includes device discovery messages).
udevadm info	Display Information about Devices Managed by Udev.
udevadm monitor	Monitor Udev Events for Device Changes.
ls /dev	List Device Files in the /dev Directory.
lshal	List HAL Devices (may need to be installed).
hwinfo --usb	Display USB Device Information (may need to be installed).
cat /proc/scsi/scsi	Display Information about SCSI Devices.
lspcmcia	List PCMCIA Devices (for systems with PCMCIA support).
df -h	Display Disk Usage and Free Space (includes mounted devices).
cat /proc/mounts	List Mounted Filesystems (alternative method).
blkid	Display Block Device Attributes, including UUIDs.
file -s /dev/<device>	Identify the Filesystem on a Device.
cat /proc/partitions	List Disk Partitions.
lsusb -t	Display USB Device Tree.
ls -l /sys/class/block	List Block Devices Using Sysfs.
usb-devices	List USB Devices and Their Details (may need to be installed).
lspcmcia -v	List PCMCIA Devices with Verbose Information.
ls /sys/class/hidraw	List HID (Human Interface Device) Raw Devices.
ls /sys/class/input	List Input Devices.
ls /sys/class/tty/ttyS*	List Serial (TTY) Devices.
lshw -class storage	List Storage Devices Using lshw (requires installation).
smartctl -i /dev/<device>	Display Information about SMART Capable Devices.
lsblk -f	List Block Devices and Their Filesystem Types.
lsblk -o +SIZE	List Block Devices and Their Sizes.
ls -l /dev/input	List Input Devices Using Device Files.
ls -l /dev/serial/*	List Serial Devices (alternative method).
cat /proc/asound/cards	List Sound Cards.
cat /proc/tty/drivers	List TTY (Terminal) Drivers and Devices.
cat /proc/bus/input/devices	List Input Devices and Their Capabilities.
udevadm trigger	Force Udev to Re-Enumerate Devices.
udevadm settle	Wait for Udev to Settle After Device Changes.
udevadm info -q all -n /dev/<device>	Retrieve Detailed Information for a Device.
cat /sys/class/hidraw/hidraw*/device/uevent	List HIDRAW Devices.
find /sys/class/ -name 'sd*'	List SCSI Disk Devices.

Identify USBs/External Storage

mount	List Mounted Filesystems and Devices.
dmesg | grep -i 'usb'	Display USB device-related messages in the kernel ring buffer.
dmesg | grep -i 'sd'	Display messages related to SCSI disks in the kernel ring buffer.
lsblk	List block devices and their partitions.
lsusb	List USB devices and hubs.
lsusb -t	Display USB Device Tree.
ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/	List disk devices by their unique IDs.
fdisk -l	List partitions and drives.
blkid	Display block device attributes, including UUIDs.
udevadm info -q all -n /dev/sdX	Retrieve detailed information about a specific block device.

File Locations

/dev/	Unix systems create device files in the /dev/ directory to represent connected devices.
/sys/	The /sys/ directory is a virtual filesystem that exposes information about connected devices and their attributes.
/proc/mounts	This file contains information about mounted filesystems, including external storage devices.
/proc/scsi/	Information about SCSI devices, including external storage devices, can be found in the /proc/scsi/ directory.
udev Rules	The udev subsystem manages devices and their associated information. Udev rules can be configured to perform actions when devices are connected or disconnected.
/var/log/	System log files, such as those located in /var/log/, may contain information about connected devices.